Memory devices of the computer: SRAM, DRAM, NAND
Non-volatile memory devices: The memristor. Resistive memories (RRAM), phase change memories (PCM), ferroelectric memories (FeRAM), magnetic memories (MRAM).
Integration of memory devices: 3D stacking for scalability, crossbar architecture
Neural network architectures: Feed forward neural networks, recursive networks. spiking neural networks.
Machine learning algorithms: Backpropagation, gradient descent, Hebbian and non-Hebbian learning, unsupervised learning through STDP.