History and development of manufacturing systems, production types, plant layouts and form of organization, group technology, flow lines, transfer lines, concept of flexibility, manufacturing economy including door-to-door time and cycle time in batch manufacturing and flow line manufacturing, process monitoring, cassation, downtime, time loss, reduction in machine covering, cost neutral relationship, configuration of manufacturing systems, statistic disturbance analysis, systematic manufacturing analysis, production performance, continuous development and improvement work based on lean manufacturing, integrated product development with environmental considerations and recycling technology and outsourcing.