The course further highlights the vital link that exists between economics and technology. The course focuses on applying the knowledge acquired from previous courses including Flexible Manufacturing Systems (MMT045). A major project is carried out in collaboration with nearby industries. Furthermore, the course provides deeper knowledge of key performance indicators (KPIs), economic analysis of balance delay, optimal manning and optimal automation. Studies are also carried out on the interaction between product development and production, the relationships between product development strategy and investment strategy, production conditions in foreign countries particularly emerging countries, technology transfer between product owners and contractors, evaluation of different manufacturing systems regarding production performance, primarily based on quality and delivery reliability.